Field

Behaviour

What is actually done — movement, sleep, food, company, substances.

• The boring basicssettledThe short list that accounts for most of the modifiable risk. Nothing on it is interesting.
• Exercise and agingsettledThe intervention with the widest evidence base in this reference, by a distance.
• Protein in later lifegoodEFSA's 0.83 g/kg is a floor for adults generally; older adults are usually advised higher.
• Sedentary timemixedAn exposure distinct from inactivity. Real, and less catastrophic than the headlines.
• Sleep and aginggoodSeven to nine hours. Sleep changes shape with age; the requirement does not fall much.
• Smoking and alcoholsettledStopping smoking is the single largest return available. Alcohol's safe level keeps shrinking.
• Social connection and isolationmixedA well-replicated association with an unusually stubborn reverse-causation problem.
• Strength training after sixtysettledTwo sessions a week, progressive load. Nothing else does what this does.

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