Index
Every entry, A–Z
20 entries.
B
- Blood pressuresettledBodyThe most consequential modifiable number in ageing. Usually silent until it isn't.
- Blue ZonesmixedMeasurementRegions reported to have exceptional longevity, and the data-quality problem underneath them.
- The boring basicssettledBehaviourThe short list that accounts for most of the modifiable risk. Nothing on it is interesting.
C
- Cognitive decline and the modifiable risksgoodBrainAround 45% of dementia risk is attributable to fourteen factors, most of them ordinary.
E
- Exercise and agingsettledBehaviourThe intervention with the widest evidence base in this reference, by a distance.
F
- Falls and bone densitysettledBodyFracture risk is bone strength times falling. Most attention goes to the first half.
- FrailtygoodMeasurementA measurable loss of physiological reserve. Not a synonym for age.
G
- Grip strengthgoodMeasurementA five-second test that predicts a lot. Train the body, not the grip.
H
- Hearing lossgoodBrainA midlife risk factor with a device-shaped solution that most people delay for years.
I
- InflammagingthinBodyChronic low-grade inflammation with age. Well observed; poorly actionable so far.
L
- Lifespan vs. healthspangoodMeasurementYears alive versus years in good health. The gap between them is the thing worth shrinking.
P
- Protein in later lifegoodBehaviourEFSA's 0.83 g/kg is a floor for adults generally; older adults are usually advised higher.
S
- Sarcopenia (muscle loss with age)settledBodyThe default loss of muscle and strength with age. The most reversible thing on this list.
- Sedentary timemixedBehaviourAn exposure distinct from inactivity. Real, and less catastrophic than the headlines.
- Sleep and aginggoodBehaviourSeven to nine hours. Sleep changes shape with age; the requirement does not fall much.
- Smoking and alcoholsettledBehaviourStopping smoking is the single largest return available. Alcohol's safe level keeps shrinking.
- Social connection and isolationmixedBehaviourA well-replicated association with an unusually stubborn reverse-causation problem.
- Strength training after sixtysettledBehaviourTwo sessions a week, progressive load. Nothing else does what this does.
V
- Vitamin D in older adultsgoodBody15 µg a day; the case is bone and deficiency correction, not the longer list.
- VO2 max and cardiorespiratory fitnessgoodMeasurementAerobic capacity. Strongly predictive, genuinely trainable, rarely measured.